Historical Background
Long before the Spaniards and other foreigners landed or set foot on Philippine shores, our forefathers already had their own literature stamped in the history of our race.
Our ancient literature shows our customs and traditions in everyday life as traced in our folk stories, old plays and short stories.
Our ancestors also had their own alphabet which was different from that brought by the Spaniards. The first alphabet used by our ancestor was similar to that of the Malayo-Polynesian alphabet.
Why certain things existed in their physical environment must have intrigued the ancient Filipinos as it did other early peoples. In their effort to define their world, to account for the realities in it, and to explain their feelings, beliefs, and judgments, they made up interesting narratives. These have come down to us in the form of origin myths, legends, fables, tales of the supernatural, and humorous accounts about some trickster, like Pusong or Pilandok, or some bungling character who got by in spite of or because of his lack of wit.
And there were also metrical accounts of native Filipino gods and their deeds. Songs and verses filled early religious practices: to express devotion, to atone for sins, to minister to the sick, and to bury the dead.Verses were composed also to pray for abundance and happiness: in the home, on the farm, on the sea, and elsewhere. In like manner, verses aired love for and loyalty to the barangay and its rulers. These were supplemented by accounts of battle (kudanag), songs of victory (tagumpay, talindad), songs of hanging a captured enemy (sambotan, tagulaylay), and songs expressive of manliness. From the people’s social life evolved.
But whatever records our ancestors left were either burned by the Spanish friars in the belief that they were works of the devil or were written on materials that easily perished, like the barks of trees, dried leaves and bamboo cylinders which could not have remained undestroyed even if efforts were made to preserve them.
Other records that remained showed folk songs that proved the existence of a native culture truly our own. Some of these were passed on by word of mouth until they reached the hands of some publishers or printers who took interest in printing the manuscripts of the ancient Filipinos.
Although attempts have been made to compile these folk narratives by such collectors as Fr. Jose Ma. Pavon (Las antiguas leyendas de la isla de Negros) during the Spanish period Fay-Cooper Cole (Traditions of the Tinguian, 1915), Mable Cook Cole (Philippine Folk Tales, 1916), and Dean S. Fansler (Filipino Popular Tales, 1921) during the early part of the American regime, and some Filipino and American antropologists and folklorists in more recent times, many of the theme still remain in the memory of the folk, uncollected and unwritten.
INTRODUCTION TO MYTHOLOGY
Mythology is an interwoven series of myths told by a given race. The word also means the study of myths in general.
Classifications of Mythology:
1) Myth: an account of the deeds of a god or of a supernatural being; a kind of imaginative precursor of scientific investigation.
- are permanent, they deal with the greatest of all problems – the problems which do not change because men and women do not change. They deal with love (the romantic element), war, sin, tyranny, courage, and faith; all in the same way in relation to man.
2) Legend: a widely-accepted but unverified story of the origin of things, persons or
places.
Myths and legends deal largely with gods, their deeds, adventures, dealing with supernatural beings and culture heroes with origins and explanation of things and phenomena in the surrounding world.
3) Folktale: Pure fiction that seems to have no other origin than a desire to amuse and
interest.
- bring knowledge and understanding of men’s motives and tolerance that recognizes faith where ignorance would only see superstition. It is especially necessary to have this knowledge now when modern science and invention have brought the world into a closer community of nations.
- widely disseminated through all places in the world might bring to reality what we all bring about our world.
- The folktales are shaped by the thoughts and the actions, the aspirations and fears of a people. Often the outline of a story and sometimes even the characters are common to several characters (epic and folklore).
Why Myths are Studied
We study myths for at least 5 reasons:
1) They have had such a deep influence on all great literatures.
2) The great writers in the English language have been fascinated by the stories that these ancient people told.
3) We can hardly understand Shakespeare or Milton or Keats or Lowell without being familiar with the myths of Greece and Rome.
4) They also provide modern drama with themes and spectacles.
5) Mythology is an important link to the past.
Philosophical Bases of Mythology
1) Scriptural Theory, according to which , all stories of myths and legends are derived
from the Scriptures, though the real facts and names have been disguised and
altered. (e.g. Deucalion is Noah, Hercules is Samson, Arion is Jonah, etc.)
2) Historical Theory, according to which, all the persons mentioned in mythology were
once real human beings, and the legends and fabulous traditions relating to them are
merely the additions and embellishments of later times.
(e.g. Aeolus, king of the Winds, was ruler of some islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea;
Cadmus, who sowed the earth w/ dragons’ teeth)
3) Allegorical Theory, supposes that the ancient Greek myths were allegorical and
symbolical, and contained some moral, religious, or philosophical truth or historical
fact, under the form of an allegory, but came in the process of time to be understood
literally.
(e.g. Saturn or Cronus—Time; Io is the moon and Argus is the starry sky)
4) Physical Theory, according to which the elements of air, fire, and water were
originally the objects of religious adoration and the principal deities were
personifications of the powers of nature. The transition was easy from a
personification of the elements to the notion of supernatural beings presiding over
and governing the different objects of nature.
PHILIPPINE FOLKLORE
From all over the world there is a demand today for unity and understanding.
A knowledge of a nation’s folklore is a knowledge of the creative workings of the mind of its folk; it is a key to a nation’s values, a path that leads into the heart of its people.
Folklore – oral literature of the people usually found among the masses. It includes traditions, customs, fairytales, ballads, songs, accounts of ancient festivals, games, superstitions, beliefs, proverbs, popular sayings, nicknames (e.g., Juan Tamad), nursery rhymes, riddles, and jingles of every sort.
Literature is expressed in many forms, and are preserved in the memory of local bards and old folks and handed down by word of mouth.
Oral or written literature is one of the means through which people express the inner quality and strength of their culture.
Nevertheless, both types of creative endeavors (the oral and written) embody the fullness and grandeur of the culture which nurtures them. In other words, the relationship between literature and society is far from indirect and subtle. Every society produces its own literature because it is through this medium that its heritage is preserved and its ideals and aspirations given form and meaning. Thus when (any form of) literature is studied it can provide a penetrating picture of group life. This is further substantiated by the fact that literary expression in whatever form it exists draws materials from the experience of its creators.
PHILIPPINE MYTHOLOGY and FOLKLORE
Pre-Spanish Literature is characterized by:
A. Legends
B. Folk tales
C. Epics
D. Folk songs
E. Epigrams, riddles, chants
F. Proverbs and Sayings
A. LEGENDS
Its aim is to entertain. Here is an example of a legend:
B. MYTHS
Contents
1. How the World Was Made.
2. The Creation (Igorot).
3. How the Moon and the Stars Came to Be (Bukidnon).
4. Origin (Bagobo).
5. The Story of the Creation (Bilaan).
6. In the Beginning (Bilaan).
7. The Children of the Limokon (Mandaya).
8. The Creation Story (Tagalog).
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How the World Was Made
This is the ancient Filipino account of the creation.
Thousands of years ago there was no land nor sun nor moon nor stars, and the world was only a great sea of water, above which stretched the sky. The water was the kingdom of the god Maguayan, and the sky was ruled by the great god Captan.
Maguayan had a daughter called Lidagat, the sea, and Captan had a son known as Lihangin, the wind. The gods agreed to the marriage of their children, so the sea became the bride of the wind.
Three sons and a daughter were born to them. The sons were called Licalibutan, Liadlao, and Libulan; and the daughter received the name of Lisuga.
Licalibutan had a body of rock and was strong and brave; Liadlao was formed of gold and was always happy; Libulan was made of copper and was weak and timid; and the beautiful Lisuga had a body of pure silver and was sweet and gentle. Their parents were very fond of them, and nothing was wanting to make them happy.
After a time Lihangin died and left the control of the winds to his eldest son Licalibutan. The faithful wife Lidagat soon followed her husband, and the children, now grown up, were left without father or mother. However, their grandfathers, Captan and Maguayan, took care of them and guarded them from all evil.
After a time, Licalibutan, proud of his power over the winds, resolved to gain more power, and asked his brothers to join him in an attack on Captan in the sky above. At first they refused; but when Licalibutan became angry with them, the amiable Liadlao, not wishing to offend his brother, agreed to help. Then together they induced the timid Libulan to join in the plan.
When all was ready the three brothers rushed at the sky, but they could not beat down the gates of steel that guarded the entrance. Then Licalibutan let loose the strongest winds and blew the bars in every direction. The brothers rushed into the opening, but were met by the angry god Captan. So terrible did he look that they turned and ran in terror; but Captan, furious at the destruction of his gates, sent three bolts of lightning after them.
The first struck the copper Libulan and melted him into a ball. The second struck the golden Liadlao, and he too was melted. The third bolt struck Licalibutan, and his rocky body broke into many pieces and fell into the sea. So huge was he that parts of his body stuck out above the water and became what is known as land.
In the meantime the gentle Lisuga had missed her brothers and started to look for them. She went toward the sky, but as she approached the broken gates, Captan, blind with anger, struck her too with lightning, and her silver body broke into thousands of pieces.
Captan then came down from the sky and tore the sea apart, calling on Maguayan to come to him and accusing him of ordering the attack on the sky. Soon Maguayan appeared and answered that he knew nothing of the plot as he had been asleep far down in the sea.
After a time he succeeded in calming the angry Captan. Together they wept at the loss of their grandchildren, especially the gentle and beautiful Lisuga; but with all their power they could not restore the dead to life. However, they gave to each body a beautiful light that will shine forever.
And so it was that golden Liadlao became the sun, and copper Libulan the moon, while the thousands of pieces of silver Lisuga shine as the stars of heaven. To wicked Licalibutan the gods gave no light, but resolved to make his body support a new race of people. So Captan gave Maguayan a seed, and he planted it on the land, which, as you will remember, was part of Licalibutan's huge body.
Soon a bamboo tree grew up, and from the hollow of one of its branches a man and a woman came out. The man's name was Sicalac, and the woman was called Sicabay. They were the parents of the human race. Their first child was a son whom they called Libo; afterwards they had a daughter who was known as Saman. Pandaguan was a younger son and he had a son called Arion.
Pandaguan was very clever and invented a trap to catch fish. The very first thing he caught was a huge shark. When he brought it to land, it looked so great and fierce that he thought it was surely a god, and he at once ordered his people to worship it. Soon all gathered around and began to sing and pray to the shark. Suddenly the sky and sea opened, and the gods came out and ordered Pandaguan to throw the shark back into the sea and to worship none but them.
All were afraid except Pandaguan. He grew very bold and answered that the shark was as big as the gods, and that since he had been able to overpower it he would also be able to conquer the gods. Then Captan, hearing this, struck Pandaguan with a small thunderbolt, for he did not wish to kill him but merely to teach him a lesson. Then he and Maguayan decided to punish these people by scattering them over the earth, so they carried some to one land and some to another. Many children were afterwards born, and thus the earth became inhabited in all parts.
Pandaguan did not die. After lying on the ground for thirty days he regained his strength, but his body was blackened from the lightning, and all his descendants ever since that day have been black.
His first son, Arion, was taken north, but as he had been born before his father's punishment he did not lose his color, and all his people therefore are white.
Libo and Saman were carried south, where the hot sun scorched their bodies and caused all their descendants to be of a brown color.
A son of Saman and a daughter of Sicalac were carried east, where the land at first was so lacking in food that they were compelled to eat clay. On this account their children and their children's children have always been yellow in color.
And so the world came to be made and peopled. The sun and moon shine in the sky, and the beautiful stars light up the night. All over the land, on the body of the envious Licalibutan, the children of' Sicalac and Sicabay have grown great in numbers. May they live forever in peace and brotherly love!
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• Source: John Maurice Miller, Philippine Folklore Stories (Boston: Ginn and Company, 1904), pp. 57-64.
• Preface by John Maurice Miller (or his editor): As these stories are only legends that have been handed down from remote times, the teacher must impress upon the minds of the children that they are myths and are not to be given credence; otherwise the imaginative minds of the native children would accept them as truth, and trouble would be caused that might be hard to remedy. Explain then the fiction and show the children the folly of belief in such fanciful tales. (page 5)
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The Creation
Igorot
In the beginning there were no people on the earth.
Lumawig, the Great Spirit, came down from the sky and cut many reeds. He divided these into pairs which he placed in different parts of the world, and then he said to them, "You must speak."
Immediately the reeds became people, and in each place was a man and a woman who could talk, but the language of each couple differed from that of the others.
Then Lumawig commanded each man and woman to marry, which they did. By and by there were many children, all speaking the same language as their parents. These, in turn, married and had many children. In this way there came to be many people on the earth.
Now Lumawig saw that there were several things which the people on the earth needed to use, so he set to work to supply them. He created salt, and told the inhabitants of one place to boil it down and sell it to their neighbors. But these people could not understand the directions of the Great Spirit, and the next time he visited them, they had not touched the salt.
Then he took it away from them and gave it to the people of a place called Mayinit. These did as he directed, and because of this he told them that they should always be owners of the salt, and that the other peoples must buy of them.
Then Lumawig went to the people of Bontoc and told them to get clay and make pots. They got the clay, but they did not understand the molding, and the jars were not well shaped. Because of their failure, Lumawig told them that they would always have to buy their jars, and he removed the pottery to Samoki. When he told the people there what to do, they did just as he said, and their jars were well shaped and beautiful. Then the Great Spirit saw that they were fit owners of the pottery, and he told them that they should always make many jars to sell.
In this way Lumawig taught the people and brought to them all the things which they now have.
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• Source: Mabel Cook Cole, Philippine Folk Tales (Chicago: A. C. McClurg and Company, 1916), pp. 99-101.
• Notes by Mabel Cook Cole:
1. Lumawig is the greatest of all spirits and now lives in the sky, though for a time his home was in the Igorot village of Bontoc. He married a Bontoc girl, and the stones of their house are still to be seen in the village. It was Lumawig who created the Igorot, and ever since he has taken a great interest in them, teaching them how to overcome the forces of nature, how to plant, to reap and, in fact, everything that they know. Once each month a ceremony is held in his honor in a sacred grove, whose trees are believed to have sprung from the graves of his children. Here prayers are offered for health, good crops, and success in battle. A close resemblance exists between Lumawig of the Igorot and Kaboniyan of the Tinguian, the former being sometimes called Kambun'yan.
2. The Bukidnon of Mindanao have the following story: During a great drought Mampolompon could grow nothing on his clearing except one bamboo, and during a high wind this was broken. From this bamboo came a dog and a woman, who were the ancestors of the Moro.
3. At the north end of the village of Mayinit are a number of brackish hot springs, and from these the people secure the salt which has made the spot famous for miles around. Stones are placed in the shallow streams flowing from these springs, and when they have become encrusted with salt (about once a month) they are washed and the water is evaporated by boiling. The salt, which is then a thick paste, is formed into cakes and baked near the fire for about half an hour, when it is ready for use. It is the only salt in this section, and is in great demand. Even hostile tribes come to a hill overlooking the town and call down, then deposit whatever they have for trade and withdraw, while the Igorot take up the salt and leave it in place of the trade articles.
4. The women of Samoki are known as excellent potters, and their ware is used over a wide area. From a pit on a hillside to the north of the village they dig a reddish-brown clay, which they mix with a bluish mineral gathered on another hillside. When thoroughly mixed, this clay is placed on a board on the ground, and the potter, kneeling before it, begins her molding. Great patience and skill are required to bring the vessel to the desired shape. When it is completed it is set in the sun to dry for two or three days, after which it is ready for the baking. The new pots are piled tier above tier on the ground and blanketed with grass tied into bundles. Then pine bark is burned beneath and around the pile for about an hour, when the ware is sufficiently fired. It is then glazed with resin and is ready to market.
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How the Moon and the Stars Came to Be
Bukidnon (Mindanao)
One day in the times when the sky was close to the ground a spinster went out to pound rice. Before she began her work, she took off the beads from around her neck and the comb from her hair, and hung them on the sky, which at that time looked like coral rock.
Then she began working, and each time that she raised her pestle into the air it struck the sky. For some time she pounded the rice, and then she raised the pestle so high that it struck the sky very hard.
Immediately the sky began to rise, and it went up so far that she lost her ornaments. Never did they come down, for the comb became the moon and the beads are the stars that are scattered about.
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• Source: Mabel Cook Cole, Philippine Folk Tales (Chicago: A. C. McClurg and Company, 1916), p. 124.
• Notes by Mabel Cook Cole:
1. The common way to pound rice is to place a bundle of the grain on the ground on a dried carabao hide and pound it with a pestle to loosen the heads from the straw. When they are free they are poured into a mortar and again pounded with the pestle until the grain is separated from the chaff, after which it is winnowed.
2. According to the Klemantin myth (Borneo), the sky was raised when a giant named Usai accidentally struck it with his mallet while pounding rice. See Hose and McDougall, Pagan Tribes of Borneo, p. 142.
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Origin
Bagobo (Mindanao)
In the beginning there lived one man and one woman, Toglai and Toglibon. Their first children were a boy and a girl. When they were old enough, the boy and the girl went far away across the waters seeking a good place to live in. Nothing more was heard of them until their children, the Spaniards and Americans, came back. After the first boy and girl left, other children were born to the couple; but they all remained at Cibolan on Mount Apo with their parents, until Toglai and Toglibon died and became spirits. Soon after that there came a great drought which lasted for three years. All the waters dried up, so that there were no rivers, and no plants could live.
"Surely," said the people, "Manama is punishing us, and we must go elsewhere to find food and a place to dwell in."
So they started out. Two went in the direction of the sunset, carrying with them stones from Cibolan River. After a long journey they reached a place where were broad fields of cogon grass and an abundance of water, and there they made their home. Their children still live in that place and are called Magindanau, because of the stones which the couple carried when they left Cibolan.
Two children of Toglai and Toglibon went to the south, seeking a home, and they carried with them women's baskets (baraan). When they found a good spot, they settled down. Their descendants, still dwelling at that place, are called Baraan or Bilaan, because of the women's baskets.
So two by two the children of the first couple left the land of their birth. In the place where each settled a new people developed, and thus it came about that all the tribes in the world received their names from things that the people carried out of Cibolan, or from the places where they settled.
All the children left Mount Apo save two (a boy and a girl), whom hunger and thirst had made too weak to travel. One day when they were about to die the boy crawled out to the field to see if there was one living thing, and to his surprise he found a stalk of sugarcane growing lustily. He eagerly cut it, and enough water came out to refresh him and his sister until the rains came. Because of this, their children are called Bagobo.
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• Source: Mabel Cook Cole, Philippine Folk Tales (Chicago: A. C. McClurg and Company, 1916), pp. 133-134.
• Note by Mabel Cook Cole:
o This is a good example of the way in which people at a certain stage try to account for their surroundings. Nearly all consider themselves the original people. We find the Bagobo no exception to this. In this tale, which is evidently very old, they account for themselves and their neighbors, and then, to meet present needs, they adapt the story to include the white people whom they have known for not more than two hundred years.
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The Story of the Creation
Bilaan (Mindanao)
In the very beginning there lived a being so large that he cannot be compared with any known thing. His name was Melu, and when he sat on the clouds, which were his home, he occupied all the space above. His teeth were pure gold, and because he was very cleanly and continually rubbed himself with his hands, his skin became pure white. The dead skin which he rubbed off his body was placed on one side in a pile, and by and by this pile became so large that he was annoyed and set himself to consider what he could do with it.
Finally Melu decided to make the earth; so he worked very hard in putting the dead skin into shape, and when it was finished he was so pleased with it that he determined to make two beings like himself, though smaller, to live on it.
Taking the remnants of the material left after making the earth he fashioned two men, but just as they were all finished except their noses, Tau Tana from below the earth appeared and wanted to help him.
Melu did not wish any assistance, and a great argument ensued. Tau Tana finally won his point and made the noses which he placed on the people upside down. When all was finished, Melu and Tau Tana whipped the forms until they moved. Then Melu went to his home above the clouds, and Tau Tana returned to his place below the earth.
All went well until one day a great rain came, and the people on the earth nearly drowned from the water which ran off their heads into their noses. Melu, from his place on the clouds, saw their danger, and he came quickly to earth and saved their lives by turning their noses the other side up.
The people were very grateful to him, and promised to do anything he should ask of them. Before he left for the sky, they told him that they were very unhappy living on the great earth all alone, so he told them to save all the hair from their heads and the dry skin from their bodies and the next time he came he would make them some companions. And in this way there came to be a great many people on the earth.
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• Source: Mabel Cook Cole, Philippine Folk Tales (Chicago: A. C. McClurg and Company, 1916), pp. 139-140.
• Notes by Mabel Cook Cole:
1. This story is well known among the Bilaan, who are one of the tribes least influenced by the Spaniards, and yet it bears so many incidents similar to biblical accounts that there is a strong suggestion of Christian influence. It is possible that these ideas came through the Mohammedan Moro.
2. Melu is the most powerful of the spirits and the one to whom the people resort in times of danger.
3. A similar story is found in British North Borneo. See Evans, Journal of Royal Anthropological Institute, 1913, p. 423.
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In the Beginning
Bilaan (Mindanao)
In the beginning there were four beings (Melu, Fiuweigh, Diwata, and Saweigh), and they lived on an island no larger than a hat. On this island there were no trees or grass or any other living thing besides these four people and one bird (Buswit). One day they sent this bird out across the waters to see what he could find, and when he returned he brought some earth, a piece of rattan, and some fruit.
Melu, the greatest of the four, took the soil and shaped it and beat it with a paddle in the same manner in which a woman shapes pots of clay, and when he finished he had made the earth. Then he planted the seeds from the fruit, and they grew until there was much rattan and many trees bearing fruit.
The four beings watched the growth for a long time and were well pleased with the work, but finally Melu said, "Of what use is this earth and all the rattan and fruit if there are no people?"
And the others replied, "Let us make some people out of wax."
So they took some wax and worked long, fashioning it into forms, but when they brought them to the fire the wax melted, and they saw that men could not be made in that way.
Next they decided to try to use dirt in making people, and Melu and one of his companions began working on that. All went well till they were ready to make the noses. The companion, who was working on that part, put them on upside down. Melu told him that the people would drown if he left them that way, but he refused to change them.
When his back was turned, however, Melu seized the noses, one by one, and turned them as they now are. But he was in such a hurry that he pressed his finger at the root, and it left a mark in the soft clay which you can still see on the faces of people.
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• Source: Mabel Cook Cole, Philippine Folk Tales (Chicago: A. C. McClurg and Company, 1916), pp. 141-142.
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The Children of the Limokon
Mandaya (Mindanao)
In the very early days before there were any people on the earth, the limokon (a kind of dove ) were very powerful and could talk like men though they looked like birds. One limokon laid two eggs, one at the mouth of the Mayo River and one farther up its course. After some time these eggs hatched, and the one at the mouth of the river became a man, while the other became a woman.
The man lived alone on the bank of the river for a long time, but he was very lonely and wished many times for a companion. One day when he was crossing the river something was swept against his legs with such force that it nearly caused him to drown. On examining it, he found that it was a hair, and he determined to go up the river and find whence it came. He traveled up the stream, looking on both banks, until finally he found the woman, and he was very happy to think that at last he could have a companion.
They were married and had many children, who are the Mandaya still living along the Mayo River.
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• Source: Mabel Cook Cole, Philippine Folk Tales (Chicago: A. C. McClurg and Company, 1916), pp. 143-144.
• Notes by Mabel Cook Cole:
1. This origin story is of a very different type from those of the Bukidnon and Bagobo. While the others show foreign influence, this appears to be typically primitive.
2. The limokon is the omen bird of the Mandaya. It is believed to be a messenger from the spirit world which, by its calls, warns the people of danger or promises them success. If the coo of this bird comes from the right side, it is a good sign, but if it is on the left, in back, or in front, it is a bad sign, and the Mandaya knows that he must change his plans.
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The Creation Story
Tagalog
When the world first began there was no land, but only the sea and the sky, and between them was a kite (a bird something like a hawk). One day the bird which had nowhere to light grew tired of flying about, so she stirred up the sea until it threw its waters against the sky. The sky, in order to restrain the sea, showered upon it many islands until it could no longer rise, but ran back and forth. Then the sky ordered the kite to light on one of the islands to build her nest, and to leave the sea and the sky in peace.
Now at this time the land breeze and the sea breeze were married, and they had a child which was a bamboo. One day when this bamboo was floating about on the water, it struck the feet of the kite which was on the beach. The bird, angry that anything should strike it, pecked at the bamboo, and out of one section came a man and from the other a woman.
Then the earthquake called on all the birds and fish to see what should be done with these two, and it was decided that they should marry. Many children were born to the couple, and from them came all the different races of people.
After a while the parents grew very tired of having so many idle and useless children around, and they wished to be rid of them, but they knew of no place to send them to. Time went on and the children became so numerous that the parents enjoyed no peace. One day, in desperation, the father seized a stick and began beating them on all sides.
This so frightened the children that they fled in different directions, seeking hidden rooms in the house -- some concealed themselves in the walls, some ran outside, while others hid in the fireplace, and several fled to the sea.
Now it happened that those who went into the hidden rooms of the house later became the chiefs of the islands; and those who concealed themselves in the walls became slaves. Those who ran outside were free men; and those who hid in the fireplace became negroes; while those who fled to the sea were gone many years, and when their children came back they were the white people.
A VISAYAN CREATION MYTH
In the beginning there were two gods, Captan and Maguayan. They created the earth and all livinng things. Once, Captan planted a bamboo garden. The plant grew into a tall tree that swayed gracefully in the breeze. Then, one day, it broke into two sections, and out stepped a man and a woman. To the man the gods gave the name Sicalac, and that is why men have been called lalaki; the woman they called Sicavay, and henceforth women have been called babaye.
After sometime, the man asked the woman to marry him, for there were no people in the world. Sicavay was reluctant in accepting his proposal, however, saying that they were brother and sister, born of the same reed, with only one node between them. Eventually, they agreed to seek the advice of the tunas of the sea and the doves of the air. They also consulted the earthqauke, who told them that it was necessary for them to marry so that the world would be filled with people. And so they became husband and wife.
Soon after, they had a son whom they called Sibu. A daughter who was born to them next was named Samar. Sibu and Samar married and had a daughter Luplupan. She married Pandaguan, the second son of the first couple, Sicalac and Sicavay. They had a son whom they named Anoranor.
Pagaduan was the first to invent the fishing net. The first time he used it, he caught a shark and brought it ashore, thinking that it would die. But the shark did not survive for long out of water. Great was Pagaduan’s grief. He cried out loudly to the gods, blaming them for letting his plaything die when no one had ever died before. It is said that the gold Captan, weary after his day’s work, sent the flies to find out why Pagaduan was making such a lound lamentation. But the flies refused to obey him, saying that they were busy storing honey. For this disobedience, they were condemned to scavenge among filthy and rotten things from then on.
Captan then sent the weavil, who brought back the news of the shark’s death. Pandaguan’s behavior greatly displead Captan. He and Maguayan made a thunderbolt with which they struck Pandaguan dead.The young man stayed in the infernal regions for thirty days, at the end of which time the gods took pity on him, brought him back to life, and returned him to the world.
While Pandaguan was away, his wife Luplupan became the concubine of Maracoyrun. People say that the practice of concubinage then started with Luplupan.
When Pandaguan returned home, he did not find his wife there. She had been invited by Maracoyrun to feat upon a pig which he had stolen. People say that this was the first theft committed in the world.
Pandaguan then sent Anoranor to fetch his mother, but she only laughed at her son and refused to go home, saying that the dead never return to the world. At this answer, Pandaguan became angry an went back to the infernal regions, vowing never to return to the world. The old folks say that had Luplupan obeyed Pandaguan’s summons, and had he not gone back to the infernal regions, all the dead would come back to life.
Philippine mythology and folklore are gleanings from the traditions of our animistic forefathers (they worshipped the elements) and they reveal the strengths which they may have had in common with some of the world’s major religions.
e.g., strengths:
1) The early Tagalogs believed in the transmigration of the soul of man according to the way a person lived his life on earth.
2) The flood story (Malakas at Maganda) – reminiscent of the Greek origins.
3) The Visayans believed in the Mangyan and Manobo spirit “Manuyapit,” both of whom ferried the souls of the dead to the underworld – very strong resemblance with the Greek boatman Charon.
Some Philippine myths and folklore suggest conditions prevailing at that time.
e.g.,
1) There is an extremely interesting reference to lending money at usurious interest in the Sambal legend (Zambales) of the shark possibly an indication that the story arose in the early phases of the introduction of money into a subsistence economy.
Usurers → “loan sharks”
2) The Panay epic of “Hinilawod” narrates the matrimonial exploits of some of its heroes Labaw Dongyon on his way home with a new bride, hears about another beautiful woman and promptly leaves his wife with his mother, proceeds to go to court and win a second wife (reference to the prevailing time).
Perhaps these stories are meant to show that in mythological times men were men and they may also have to explain the marital behavior of their modern day descendants.
e.g.,
1) The Visayan story “Hari sa Bukid” refers to the planting of tobacco on the slopes of Mount Kanlaon (Negros).
2) The Ilocano legend of Lam-Ang while apparently pre-Hispanic in its framework makes preference to various introduced features.
Myths are revolution of thought because mankind realized what he was and what kind of people started this – the Greeks were the first to realize what mankind was – before man realized what he was he considered himself inferior to the animals.
THE GODS IN PHILIPPINE MYTHOLOGY
The Tagalogs
Bathala (or Abba), chief god of the ancient Tagalogs (but referred to by
historians and writers as chief deity in the Philippines so that he had
become accepted as the main god, the father-god in Philippine
mythology).
• the expression “bahala na” is from “Bathala,” a phrase uttered in
resignation to fate.
• he appeared on earth after violent earthquales, a great conflagration,
and a devastating flood; and declared his sovereignty over the universe;
• dwells in the highest point of ethereal space called “Kaluwalhatian”;
• created the earth w/ all that grows on it, the sea, the sky, and man;
• just and merciful, a father to his people—sustained, nourished and
protected them;
• laid down moral laws—pleased w/ those who obeyed these laws and
paid him homage with gifts and prayers;
• exacting and implacable w/ transgressors, hurling thunderbolts and
striking them w/ lightning.
Assisting Bathala as Superintendents:
• AMANIKABLE: lord of the sea
• ANITUN TABU: goddess of the wind and the rain
Daughters of Bathala by a mortal:
• MAYARI: goddess of the moon
• HANAN: goddess of the morning
• TALA: goddess of the stars
Bathala took them up to the sky and made them divine after their mother died.
Deities of lesser importance & w/ limited powers (children of the gods and goddesses):
• DUMANGAN: god of good harvest
• IKAPATI: goddess of fertile fields
• ANAGOLAY: (daughter of Ikapati) goddess of lost things
• DIAN MASALANTA: (granddaughter of Ikapati) goddess of lovers
ANITOS: ancestral spirits, sent down to earth w/ specific orders, such as to
guard a brave man in war or to cure a sick person; gradually
assumed the office of intercessor between men and gods.
Sacrifices were made to the anito by the priest called a catalonan.
Here are few folk narratives.
The Fable
One of the earliest and most notable collections of animal fables is that of Aesop, reputedly a freed Greek slave who lived in the 6th century BC. Aesop circulated his fables orally, and they were transmitted in this same manner for a long period. Greek and Roman writers subsequently wrote down versions of Aesop's fables in either prose or verse. The best-known fables of modern Europe have come from a Latin edition by the Byzantine monk Maximus Planudes. Another famous collection of beast fables is the Sanskrit collection Panchatantra, probably of the 3rd century AD. Attributed to a Brahman sage, Bidpai, the Panchatantra was subsequently translated into more than 50 languages; more than 200 versions of it are known.
During the medieval period fables were written in monasteries, but few of any consequence have survived. The writing of fables was revived in France during the 12th century, and from that time on the fable literature of France was more voluminous than that of any other European country. The most important French fabulist of the 12th century was the poet Marie de France. Between the 12th and 14th centuries a popular collection of animal fables entitled Roman de Renart appeared in France, the principal character of which was a wily fox known as Reynard.
Many collections of fables were published in France from the 16th to the late 18th century. One of the greatest of all French fabulists was Jean de la Fontaine, whose verse fables were published between 1668 and 1694 and were extensively imitated by later writers in all countries.
Throughout the medieval period a German version of the Reynard the Fox stories, Reinecke Fuchs, was popular. The important German fabulists of the 18th century, all influenced by La Fontaine, include Gotthold Ephraim Lessing.
The best-known early fable in English is the Nun's Priest Tale in The Canterbury Tales by the English poet Geoffrey Chaucer. Another English writer of fables was John Gay, whose Fables (first series, 1727; second series, 1738) are written in sprightly verse and are characterized by great originality and wit.
Other important modern European fabulists include the 18th-century Spanish poet Tomás de Iriarte y Oropesa, author of Fábulas literarias (Literary Fables, 1782); and the famous 19th-century Danish writer Hans Christian Andersen, many of whose fairy tales are actually fables. In the United States, beginning with Fables in Slang (1890) by George Ade, a contemporary form of fable developed, the chief exponents of which included Ambrose Bierce (Fantastic Fables, 1899), James Thurber (Fables for Our Time, 1940), and William Saroyan (Fables, 1941).
Early Forms of Drama
Drama as a literary form had not yet begun to evolve among the Filipinos when the Spanish conquest took place. From the evidence of anthropological and ethnological studies, it appears that Philippine theater at this stage consisted largely in its simplest form, of mimetic dances imitating natural cycles and work activities. At its most sophisticated form, theater consisted of religious rituals presided over by a priest or priestess and participated in by the community. Examples of these rituals are the Ch’along, Pag-Huaga, Runsay and Pagdiwata.
The Ch’along is part of an Ifugao wedding rite, involving the propitiation of evil spirits who might bring harm upon the couple. The rite centers around the goddess Bugan’s revenge for an insult to her family who were not served at a wedding feast. A boy plays Bugan and three men play the husband Wigan and the two sons. Dancing to the rhythm of beaten shields, the four journey into the mountain where they build a hut for the spirits who need propitiating. Bugan’s revenge is accomplished by distributing among her enemies food on which a curse has been pronounced. The four “players” then return to the wedding feast and the purification rites are performed.
The Pag-Huaga is also a propitiation rite, the most important part of a four-day Bagobo festival consisting of drinking, dancing, singing and chanting. The ritual is offered to the god of life and death, to the god of the streams and destroyer of sickness, and to the spirit of sacrifices. In a scheduled place, a human sacrifice is tied to a cross-like stake and around him the warriors, wielding their shields and spears, do a frenzied dance. The circle of warriors close in on the victim, making stabs at him. Then all those present rush toward the center to inflict wounds on the human sacrifice. The dead victim is then cut up into tiny pieces, and chanting begins. The pieces are buried in a hole, except for the hands and feet which are given to the children, who perform their own version of the rite.
The Runsay is an old Tagbanua propitiatory ritual meant to ask the spirits to keep sickness away. The Tagbanuas believe that illness is caused by the salakep, tiny creatures who sailed outriggered bancas blown by the northeast wind. These creatures would go on a rampage if they were not stopped by warrior sailors sent by Magindusa, the most powerful spirit. The rite, usually held in December, when the northeast wind begins to blow gustily, conists of setting sail a large craft laden with the food offerings of the Tagbanua families. The leader first offers a bowl of rice to the spirits, takes a pinch of rice and tosses it in the air. This is done seven times. Then the men lift the loaded raft as far out into the sea as they can go. The people watch on the shore and hope that the waves would carry the raft afar, for it would be a bad omen if the vessel returns.
The Pagdiwata is another Tagbanua ritual which is still done today. It is held to thank spirits for a good harvest or to plead for a cure for the sick. It is an indoor ceremony presided over by the babaylan who prepares for it by placing the customary offering betel nut, rice, and fattened chickens on a table where a carved wooden turtle also rests. (The Tagbanuas believe that the turtle is the ferry of the spirits.) The babaylan dances before the table to the rhythm of gongs and drums, with her eyes completely covered by a hood, and a kris tucked under her belt.
The essential ingredient of drama present in these forms is mimesis, or imitation of real action.
----Philippine Literature---
Write brief essays on the following:
1. In a general sense, what does Philippine folklore say about how ancient Filipinos viewed the world (i.e. the world below as opposed to the “skyworld”)? Give (an)
example/s. (10 pts.)
2. How much influence, if at all, does the ancients’ polytheistic beliefs (i.e. belief in many gods/goddesses) and animism have on present-day Filipinos’ religious beliefs and practices? Cite examples of myths/legends/ folktales, etc. that support your claims. (15 pts.)
3. Discuss the significance of fables in Philippine folklore. Cite examples. (10 pts.)
Prepared by:
Ms. Criselda D. Mariñas
Instructor
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«Oldest ‹Older 201 – 327 of 327 Newer› Newest»In part of the Philippine folklore,our ancestor or ancient Filipinos showed as their different tradition and customs.It has been molded upon their work or beliefs in a group of people that shows their beliefs.
example: "the mysterious world"
1.The philippine folklore during our ancestor's period,they showed how they valued thier culture's,tradition and custom's.They proved by themselves that filipino's people are very talented without even any foreign told us.They express their interpratation how the world exist by thier own during pre-spanish era..
example THE SUN AND THE MOON
2.The ancient's polytheistic influenced the people from now on by their beliefs about god and goddess, like the people whose living in the mountain areas,they continued how the ancestor's begin about their religious beliefs.Eventhough were' in the middle of globalized world there still many filipino's carried the ancestor's beliefs. They still believe about ANITO especially those people live in the mountain areas. example of these is PINATUBO AETA.. they beliefs the anito is thier god until now..
1. In a general sense, what does Philippine folklore say about how ancient Filipinos viewed the world (i.e. the world below as opposed to the “skyworld”)? Give (an)
example/s. (10 pts.)
In my own opinion Philippine folklore is a tradition of many forms in terms in many literary works. I think our ancestors view the world in many gods/goddesses they believe in time that there is something in this earth. They think that world has its own beginning
For example: How the world was made
In ancient time, our ancestor maid a different beliefs that in present time we still showed to followed the tradition,culture and the different anitos and anitas today, like, muslim they belief that their god is allah!...and we all know that allah is a "rebolto" or statue. In some parts of our nation we can encounter the different tradition, culture and beliefs
example of myths: "creations"
example of legend: "the legend of banana"
In ancient time, our ancestor maid a different beliefs that in present time we still showed to followed the tradition,culture and the different anitos and anitas today, like, muslim they belief that their god is allah!...and we all know that allah is a "rebolto" or statue. In some parts of our nation we can encounter the different tradition, culture and beliefs
example of myths: "creations"
example of legend: "the legend of banana"
3. Fables is the short literary composition in prose and verse.It tells of conflict among animals that are given attributes of human being. One of the example is 'LALAPINDIGWA-I'(kuna bakit maliit ang baywang ng putakti)--These story give moral values through readers that we must be responsible through the person whose become important in our life.
3. Discuss the significance of fables in Philippine folklore. Cite examples. (10 pts.)
The significance of fable in Philippine folklore is more interesting to read and to understand although the main characters are the animals. But in the end of the story there is a moral values you may apply on it to make you learn something.
Example:”The ant and Grasshopper “
“THE MONKEY AND THE TURTLE"
“Three little pigs”
The significance that it gives to us as a reader is to teach us a good lesson or value. Even though they acted or perform as an animals/things we can actually saw thought of the story of fable is about.
example: "Ang Linta at ang kuniho"
The philiphines folklore say about how incient filipino viewed the world.That the scope of the feild covers the ancient folk literature of the philiphines various ethic groups as well as various pieces of folklore that have involved since the philiphines a single ethic political unit.
While folklore is often associated with ancient times"new piecesof philiphines folk literature have arisen in modern times.Quite aside from orban legend.Ex.the first south asia as a distinct cultural region was not recognized untill the political invironment after the second world war two.
2. How much influence, if at all, does the ancients’ polytheistic beliefs (i.e. belief in many gods/goddesses) and animism have on present-day Filipinos’ religious beliefs and practices? Cite examples of myths/legends/ folktales, etc. that support your claims. (15 pts.)
Our ancestors in ancient time showed us a lot of beliefs like a story that make you wondering why is it happened? Or a thing that can make you wonder why?. Our ancestors showed a thing that can be remember!!!! They use their words of wisdom to make them to be remembered!!!! For all of us that Philippine culture is continuing and still active to the new world of beginning. Our ancestor made a history for all of us to make our culture exist and still alive now a day’s like our beliefs and practices……like (sa atong mga to ohhh tohh ohhhh )
EXAMPLE OF LEGEND: MARIA MAKILING
EXAMPLE OF MYTH: Creation of man by Prometheus (Greek)
2. How much influence, if at all, does the ancients’ polytheistic beliefs (i.e. belief in many gods/goddesses) and animism have on present-day Filipinos’ religious beliefs and practices? Cite examples of myths/legends/ folktales, etc. that support your claims. (15 pts)
Our forefathers tells us a story of believing something ………..In the past few years our belief’s and practices is now existing!!!! Because of our culture culture brought us to a new era of beginning. A culture,that marked us a Filipino wherever we go……
EXAMPLE OF LEGEND: THE LEGEND OF MANGO
EXAMPLE OF MYTH: Birth of Athena (Greek)
Until now, we can still witness the influence of our ancient Filipinos with regards especially in our religious practices and beliefs most particularly in places where the indigenous people live. Praising statues, believing powers in elements as well as superstitious beliefs are among of the practices that some of the Filipinos are still up to. Im saying '"some Filipinos" because we all know the fact that this beliefs are already fading away in places where education and new technologies exist.
examples of
Myth: Malakas at si Maganda
Legend: Legend of Pineapple
nicelhub
The significance of Fables is that it uses animals as main characters which attracts the attention of the readers most especially to the children.In connection with this, fables gives moral lesson and make the readers realized something which they can applied it in their daily life. Even if some fables are similar to other countries stories but still,we can determined our own because each Filipino stories has an attachments in our cultures and tradition that only us Filipinos have.
If all the incient polytheistic belief and animism have on present"day filipinos religious be is in practice.Religious belief ussually relate to the existence nature worship of a deity\dieties and divine involvement in the universe and human life.Alternately may also relate to values and practices transimitted by a spiritual leader.
And supertitious has been described"the incorrect istablishment of cause and effect"or a false conception of causation.Region is more complex and include social intitution and morality.But religion include supertatios or make use of magical thinking.And the world myths has several moving.A traditional story of historical event that serve unfold part of the world view of the people or explained a practice belief or phenomenon,and a person or things having only an imaginary or unverifiable existence.Ancient polytheistic religion are ussually categorized under the heading of mythology.Religion of pre-industrial perople or culture of development are similarly called "myths" in the anthropology of religion.
The significance of false in philiphines folklore.Consist of legend,music,oral history ,proverb,jokes,popular belief ,fairy tales and custom that are the traditions of the culture and subculture ,or groups.It is also the set of practices through,expressives genres are shared...........,,,,,
1.1n a part of the philippine folklore...by their traditionalcustoms,.and their feelings and experiennce.....in old tradition. ex.maraya,biag ni lam ang...haraya maragtas/.,
anciet of the filipino, believe more in god.godness,a traditional usually concerningsome being hero....sometimes we believe a fairytales. ex.the beutyful para dise,.the rabbit and the dog.
3.fablesare give moral lesson..and relate the lesson..//ten about the animals that point out some aspects of the human behavior and has moral attached. and Fables, fairy tales, myths, and parables are often referred to interchangeably, but each of these stories or tales has its own distinct characteristics. Because fables are often used to teach a lesson or impart a simple moral, they are often confused with parables.
1.Filipinos have always been awed by the fairy tales and epics from other lands, and most Filipinos have an inferiority complex about their own. There is no reason to be. The myths and legends of the Philippines are beautiful and rich as those of other lands, colored by the people who have come and influenced the land. The tales here are gathered to share the charm, depth and variety of what makes us Filipino.
eXamples :The Ant and the Grasshopper
2.believing in many gods/goddesses is one of highlights in our culture. filipinos used to praised mountains, trees, stones, rivers, air, fire etc. before by means that all living and unliving things are valued, it influences modern filipinos to take good care of what we have today.
"myths are one of the strongest disciplinary story before.
for example: mythical creatures that go out at night. it was made to scare and discouraged us in going late in the evening and "SORT OF" like now you cannot see people staying awake and going too late at night.
3.The significance of the fables in the Philippine folklore is that we can learn many things which it cannot be found in the poetry or drama.We can differentiate it accordingly cause it's deal in different story and even if an animals acted on this,we can get more knowledge about this and a good values that help us to develop our morality....on how to be a good model to everyone so that we can appreciate our self and other people can appreciate......
Examples:"monkey and a turtle"....
:"lion and the mouse"
1. In Philippines, ancient Filipinos view the world through their own beliefs. Our ancestors and forefathers believe in some many ways, and according of what they experienced because every Filipino people have their own experiences and beliefs in their respective places."THE WORLD IS FULL OF CREATION AND MYSTERIES"
2. Our Filipino ancestors and forefathers has a great influence in ancient time. We can't deny even this present time we believe in the different customs and superstitious beliefs. Our ancient Filipino believes in Bathala, Diwata, Anitos and Enkantada. Example: Biag ni Lam- ang.
3. Fables are very interesting story and give us moral lessons. It guides us and enlightened our minds to do the right things. Example "Ants and the Grasshopper".
1.Filipinos are fun of making gods even it s just an animal or a tree as long as d offer something n their living before,r ancient people seems passionate of being grateful w/ what their sorroundings offered to them..,
1.Filipinos are fun of making goods even it s just an animal or a tree as long as they offer something in their living before,our ancient people seems passionate of being grateful w/what their surroundings offered to them.,,
1.Filipinos are fun of making goods even it is just an animal or a tree as long as they offer something in their living before,our ancient people seems passionate of being grateful w/what their surroundings offered to them,..
2.Most of us somehow have a character that is very shyful(unconfidence )where the story of Maria the woman who abstain herself from crown and rather locked herself in her room or talking w/her plants at the garden cultivating where her parents thought that she became "MAKAHIYA " plant after the trouble they had encounter in there town.
3.As importance as who we are right now,since we are in this country and we belong in it.Where most of us pinoy specially indigenous are really lack of confidence as if we are shy and very sensitive of what people might say about thus..
1. Really ancient Filipino people easily attracted of the things about without knowing what is really true, they just believe and accept as long as they are just what they said.
2. They influence a lot since it is adopted in our society and make it as a tradition, example..the makahiya flower, they have said that makahiya is the daughter of the couple in quite town which have been invade by the bandits where maria hide in their garden following what her parents ordered to her to secure her from the bandits but it seems she was gone after that event where her parents notice the plant which new for them and as if it is a plant that has a character of maria, that's why they called it makahiya.
3. It is important somehow we are pinoy and we follow what we have seen from ourelders, we adopted the things we acquire whene were still young.
example: Our too much generousity even though we dont have something for us still we offer the enough best accomodation to our visitor
{ especially in our house}.
1.In Philippine Folklore they viewed, the way use follow our filipino cultures and tradition. As we all knows sometimes we will not follow the ancestors a year ago. Ex. The world without men and women
1. Philippine mythology and folklore include a collection of tales and superstitions about magical creatures and sntities. Some Filipinos, even though heavenly westernized and christianized, still believe in such entities. The prevalence of belief in the figures of Philippines mythology is strong in the provinces. Because the country has many islans and is inhabited by different ethnic groups, Philippines mythology superstitions are very diverse. Philippines mythology is derived from Philippine folk literature, which is the traditional oral literature of the Filipino people.
2.The ancient polysthetic influenced the filipino by thier beliefs of the god/goddesess ofsome characters of greek mythology. Ex. *myths *legends-the legennd of banana *folktales-the bakunawa
3.Fables is a story where i the character are animals,they influenced in phhilippine folklore when the spanish gone to the philippines. Ex. The lion and the tiger
2. Any simple attempt at describing the belief systems native to the Filipino is likely to be inadequate. The religious beliefs were as varied as the languages of the country. However, there were certain areas of common ground that existed among many of the peoples throughout the islands. The problem is somewhat complicated by the fact that the native savants, like those found among other Malayo-Polynesian peoples, were highly secretive. Their reasons for these beliefs usually stemmed from the fact that they often would hear the names of new deities, concepts, beliefs, etc., or of the chants, sometimes epic in nature, even after their informant had assured them of evulviging all their knowlege. Example; Santa Clause is considered a myth by many. A good example is the legend of George Washington dropping down the cherry tree that story has remain the same for years and its always been a cherry tree.
3. The tagalog for folk tale or folk story is kwentong-bayan. Filipino folktales are stories that form part of the oral tradition in the Philippines. They have been passed on generation to generation by word of mouth rather than by writing, and thus the stories have been modified by successive vetelling before they were written down and recorded. Example; Filipino legends [alamat]. filpino fables are about animals and inanimate beings made to speak and act like rational beings and pointing out morals.
3.Fables was so significant in philippine folklore because as you read the samples of the story of fable it was so amazing because the hero is an animal and after reading this stories you can earn a moral lesson.
1.there's a plenty of human who live here in the world but diff. types of lifestyle and diff. description in history by there past.. through shimmering beliefs and tradition that stamp in our society of reality....
2. ancient polythetics influence us ,as a fililpino to thier beliefs with thier gods and goddesess.
2.i can't say not good or they are bad influence by the other people;if you don't mind there are many religious that implement by there own do...we all know that we have only one god above;we cant accuse them if they want to be one or belong in roman..
what does Philippine folklore say about how ancient Filipinos viewed the world.because Some Filipinos, even though heavily westernized and Christianized, still believe in such entities and many filipinos mythologyand superstitions are very diverse
1. The Philippine folkfore says how ancient Filipinos viewed the world through their shimmering beliefs and tradition that boost up to sight the world of reality.Before, the world was very natural as it comes in a way that it was made of exploding of all things around it.Example: ".THE WORLD AS A MYSTERIOUS PARADISE. "
Before the Spaniards came into the Philippines there were existing cultures of the Filipinos which were not distinguished by most of the Filipinos especially for the new born Filipino citizens.
Filipinos before the arrival of the Spaniards were basically hunters, fishers, and cultivators. These tribes were groups of highlanders who barely had access of seawater. And because of the presence of rice terraces, only the central mountains of Luzon had well structured livelihood that resulted to a more fixed territory.
During the Pre-Spanish Period, life is a traced of a folk stories.old plays, and shorts stories.
whatever records the ancestors left were either burned by the Spanish friars, that they belief work by the devil.
In that other records they remained to show the folk songs that proved by the existence of a native culture by our own.
2.ex.legend;fireflies myths; creation fables;the virtue of the coconut 3.don't hesitate the fables, are good to share with our fwnds and family not only that specially with your own self of what u have learn..it gives us knowledge and wisdom to us..don't under estimate the story fables though it's just an animals,who knows it can reflect your real life.. example;ants and grasshopper.
enerally, fables are short narratives that revolve around particular moral lessons. Animals are the heroes in most fables. They are made to stand for certain traits of the human race, and to teach the ways of the world through vivid characterization and lively interaction.
ex.The Tortoise and the Monkey
2.)How much influence, if at all, does the ancients’ polytheistic beliefs (i.e. belief in many gods/goddesses) and animism have on present-day Filipinos’ religious beliefs and practices?There are more than you can count, but 12 major ones known as Olympians because they live on Mount Olympus. The Big Three are Zeus, Poseidon, and Hades. They're brothers. Zeus is god of the sky;...and this is the example of a myth is "crazy horse" or "cupid and Siekie"example of the legend in sales,he can sell a car in a heartbeat..
example of the folktales like a bayanihan to help each other without expecting payment
1.In part of the Philippine with the religious beliefs and ceremonies of the time, the literature reflects the culture of the original heritage of the Filipino....specifically its mysterious folklore that sum up into a paradise of different beliefs and tradition that was already adopted in old times ago.
Discuss the significance of fables in Philippine folklore, the Fables are like folktales with a moral attached to each of them.
sorry maam, im late to submit,bec.i have a work that morning.....hoping your kind consideration.......tnx
1. The early Filipino had a great variety of legends, myhths, epics, folktales, etc.Philippine folkfore says how ancient Filipinos viewed the world through their superstitious beliefs and tradition by sharing their different works. 2.Our ancient Filipinos polytheistic influence our present day because until now their acts is still existing. Like in other places have their own gods, goddesses, animism which they praise through their beliefs and practices.Animism, is the term used to describe the indigenous spiritual traditions practiced in the Philippines during pre-colonial times 3.The significance of fables is the story goes into a sense of humor but it has a lesson to everyone that will give the insights of good moral and to be a good person.And through fables we can gain moral lessons that we use to apply it in our everyday living to respond to others righteously.We know the mere fact, that this was part of our daily lives..
1.Philippine mythology and folklore include a collection of tales and superstitions about magical creatures and entities.Filipinos viewed the world through their superstitious beliefs and tradition in god & they, are already adopted in old times. And it gives us inspiration to make us proud that our forefathers contributed a lot to make Filipinos will be also known in terms of our native culture.. 2.Our ancient polytheistic influence our present day because until now their acts is still existing.Peole gave us more reasons how to praise and love our Gods and eventhough we have our different beliefs of Gods who are now presenting in every way of manner.. 3.Fables tell a story that has a moral meaning behind them. In the Ancient world, there were many superstitions concerning nature and the world in general.
1. The early Filipino had a great variety of legends, myhths, epics, folktales, etc.Philippine folkfore says how ancient Filipinos viewed the world through their superstitious beliefs and tradition by sharing their different works.... 2.Our ancient Filipinos polytheistic influence our present day because until now their acts is still existing. Like in other places have their own gods, goddesses, animism which they praise through their beliefs and practices.Animism, is the term used to describe the indigenous spiritual traditions practiced in the Philippines during pre-colonial times.... 3.The significance of fables is the story goes into a sense of humor but it has a lesson to everyone that will give the insights of good moral and to be a good person.And through fables we can gain moral lessons that we use to apply it in our everyday living to respond to others righteously.We know the mere fact, that this was part of our daily lives..
1.folklore is usually trans mined by word of mouth oral tradition are very common among the indigenous tribes still existent in the Philippines
2.myths - are a bit different because they not only can be about people but also non-living things.
legends - some believe are stories that have to be at lest 20 years old or more recent and are based on a real individual that can be proved to have once lived.
folktales - the tagalog for folktales is kuwentong bayan for ex. *the legend of mount kanlaon
*ang aso at ang uwak
*the spider and the fly
3.folklore - casuists of legends,music,oral history,proverbs,jokes,popular beliefs,fairy tales and custom that are the traditions of that culture subculture,or group.
1.) is usually transmitted by word of mouth.Oral traditions are very common among the indigenous tribes still existent in the Philippines. What students of folk literature do, basically, is transcribe and interpret what is related to them by the storytellers of a tribe. The preservation of the knowledge of our elders can be carried out in many ways, and they are not inaccessible to anyone who would seek them.
example: the beliefs in heaven (kaluwalhatian, kalangitan, kamurawayan), " A World Full Of Shining Lives",.The World Is Like A Rose Has It Thorns
2. The our time more religions are raise up..More beliefs are open.Together with this the influence of this can make our traditions brought us into the past beliefs and it brings us to presents,.
MYHTS: how was the world begun.
2.)
are tales involving the gods of old. They may deal with a conflict among the gods themselves, or ways in which the gods would reveal themselves as unique characters unto the lowly creatures of the Earth, including, of course, man. Legends of creation usually involve spirits or gods, or just an omnipotent God. At any rate, almost every legend involves a miracle or curse invoked in the name of, or by the hand of, a Higher Power.
example: myths : creations
legend : the legend of banana
3.) are short narratives that revolve around particular moral lessons. Animals are the heroes in most fables. They are made to stand for certain traits of the human race, and to teach the ways of the world through vivid characterization and lively interaction.
example: The Boastful Turtle and The Tortoise and the Monkey.
3.The significance of fables are it can give us the moral lessons.It reffers to the human behavior.And it can gives us also the moral values and we can apply it in our daily lives.
ex.THE MONKEY AND THE TURTLE
1. Ancient Filipinos viewed the world by shown their traditions and had their own literature stamped in the history of our race they also proved the existence of a native culture truly our own ... " THE CREATION "
2. Most of our Filipinos in their time of era they belief in many gods\godesses it seems that they believed that the survival in this world is depended and it shown that if they believed many gods it have been blessed ..
myths:CROW BRINGS DAYLIGHT
legends:THE OLD MAN AND THE RIBONG TREES
folktales:DICK WHITTINGTON AND HIS CAT
3.The significance of fables in Philippines folklore is to gains enlightment of the people that how the characters are represented and its devised to teach a moral lesson ...
fables :THE MONKEY AND THE CROCODILE
THE THREE FISHES
THE TALKATIVE TURTLE
2. Most of the Filipinos are very religious thats why at time they oly believe in the gods and goddesses but as the time goes by that the spaniards came here in the Plhilippines and introduce some religions . And so until now in the present we have the habit of being a religious .
3. The significance of fables is , t it illustrates a point or teach us a lesson where in we can apply it to our everyday life . The example of this is " THE MONKEY AND THE TURTLE " .
1. The ancient Filipinos showed us a different traditions some of these are their cultures , beliefs , talents and etc. And some of that were adopted by us right now or shall I say it also exist in the present .
the folklore include a collection of tales and superstitions about magical creatures and entities. Some Filipinos, even though heavily westernized and Christianized, still believe in such entities.Because the country has many islands dba.. and is inhabited by different ethnic groups.even also the traditions and cullture we bring it now.., we were inherited those attitudes and culturism in the other country for this new generation,were lucky us filipinos were unique and talented and gwapo ug gwapa pa jud hheheh..ex: malakas at si maganda.
1.The philiphines folklore say about how incient filifino viewed the world.Becouse folklore is often associated with incient times new peices of philiphines folk literature have arisen in modern times.Quite aside from orban legend,attributing superhuman power to powerful and characteristicsw leader,,..
Example:heroic tales.
2.The incient polytheistic belief in many God\godnesses and animism have a present day filipino religion.Becouse polytheistic beleif are also popular in todays western civilazation.This appear to be a result of increased immigration of eastern cultures and meantream popularity of new age plureism.Each beleiver is free to worship of God of his\her choices in the manner of his \her linking.As a result each person is free to beleave as he \she sees fit.Although polythiestic system provide flexibility a relativeties lack accountability they after leave followeres with no serve if ultimate purpose and no prospect in internal hope.
Worship is belief in more than one God.In the incient days,humanity use God as a means of explaining their lives..........
3.Thee significance of table in philiphines folklore.Ussually using native materials or instrument.In the philiphines ,due to limited of toyy of filipino children,they ussually come up on inventing game without the need of anything but the player themselves.With flixibility a real human to think and act make the game more interesting and challenging.Like peko,patentiro,taguan, tumbang preso,siatong,,,,,,etc,,,,,,,,,,,,,,............
1.Philippine folklore says that within the knowledge that comes out to the mind of every Filipinos is a privilege of making any beliefs that turns into a legend stories, fables, or any stories. These stories gathers the traditions of us as a Filipino. OUR WORLD IS MADE BY GOD BUT THE KNOWLEDGE WITHIN US IS A GIFT IN WHICH WE SHARED AND GIVES A LESSON.
2. Our ancient Filipinos made different stories, the myths, fables, legends, and many others.These beliefs have been pass through generation to generation. It also influences us as the youngsters of our generation in which we gathered moral lesson by reading in it. Example of fable is the ANT AND THE GRASSHOPPER.
Example of legend is the Mariang Makiling.
3. The significance between fables to folklore is that it gives us a moral lesson as a reader. It does not matter who the characters are but the most important is the lesson we have gathered from the stories.example is the ant and the grasshopper.
1 It is a great pleasure for us Filipino to have a tradition like that bec. it is important to know our ancients times and their contributions here in our very own world.
How the world was made?
2. It really affects in our lives bec. from ancient to now its been a tradition for all of us.And it will never be faded for the next generation to come.
Biag ni Lam ang.
3 The fables in the Philippines has a great value for us Filipino because it gave us enjoyment ,laughter and most of all entertainment.It give also moral value to us.
Three Little Pigs
The Rabbit and the Turtle
By.James Kenneath Cañete BSGD 1-1
1 It is a great pleasure for us Filipino to have a tradition like that bec. it is important to know our ancients times and their contributions here in our very own world.
How the world was made?
2. It really affects in our lives bec. from ancient to now its been a tradition for all of us.And it will never be faded for the next generation to come.
Biag ni Lam ang.
3 The fables in the Philippines has a great value for us Filipino because it gave us enjoyment ,laughter and most of all entertainment.It give also moral value to us.
Three Little Pigs
The Rabbit and the Turtle
2.In the past years , our ancestor believes in gods and godess like diwatas and anitos.But it also bring bad influence for our GOD , these beliefs have done bad it make people think that there's more powerful than GOD .
3.The significance of the fable in philippine folklore is that , it gives moral lesson not only for youngs but for everyone that we can apply for our daily LIFE :D ..
1.In the field of Philippine Literature,specifically its mysterious folklore that sum up into a paradise of different beliefs and tradition that was already adopted in old times ago.
anciet of the filipino, believe more in god.godness,a traditional usually concerningsome being hero....sometimes we believe a fairytales
3.The significance of fables in Philippines folklore is to gains enlightment of the people that how the characters are represented and its devised to teach a moral lesson ...
fables :THE MONKEY AND THE CROCODILE
1.The Philippine folklore says how ancient Filipinos viewed the world through their shimmering beliefs and tradition that boost up to sight the world of reality.Before, the world was very natural as it comes in a way that it was made of exploding of all things around it.
Example: ".THE WORLD AS A MYSTERIOUS PARADISE
2. It really affects in our lives bec. from ancient to now its been a tradition for all of us.And it will never be faded for the next generation to come.
example of myths: "creations"
example of legend: "the legend of banana"
3.) are short narratives that revolve around particular moral lessons. Animals are the heroes in most fables. They are made to stand for certain traits of the human race, and to teach the ways of the world through vivid characterization and lively interaction.
example: The Boastful Turtle and The Tortoise and the Monkey.
1. Philippine mythology and folklore include a collection of tales and superstitions about magical creatures and entities. Some Filipinos, even though heavily westernized and Christianized, still believe in such entities. The prevalence of belief in the figures of Philippines mythology is strong in the provinces.
Example: ".THE WORLD AS A MYSTERIOUS PARADISE."
2.There are same Filipinos believed in tradition or for short "superstitious belief" they believed which is related by their god and goddess they believe in more than just one god.
Ex.Myth:Why The Sea Is Salty
Ex.Legend:The Legend Of The Lanzones
Ex. Folktales: The Moon & the Sun
3.The significance of fables in the Philippine folklore is to give values and moral lessons to make us realize and made us inspire in our everyday life.
Ex.:"monkey and a turtle"
1.The ancient Filipino's viewed their world by understanding of what they had,shared things about what they learned though they are not educated.In fact in our time now even though we are in a higher level of technology but we still believe their practices.
1.Filipino people in ancient times are so passionate of what the believe and hear though it is just spoken and they did not see thus they immediately agree and see it just the way they viewed it,so as we are right now has been mold by their beliefs.
2.It influence a lot as who we are right now , since we grow up with our parents that has been cultivated with the people who traditionally and passionately believe in the folks they have heard and adopted ,the gratitude that is innate in us which can be also referred to the story of Kan-Laon where the king in the small town offered his daughter for the goodness he made to save their town from harmful creature (the dragon with seven heads).
3.It is important since as young as we are before we just believe what they have told us ,even though sometimes it is not good to have a green jokes for the children because they with believe as how you present it to them.
The story of "the frog who desires to fly "(palaka na gustong lumipad katulad ng ibon )
Where sometimes we put ourselves in a shape that is not suit for us.
1. Many years have passed ancient Filipino folklore have changed' we almost forgot all of it, I think because of the technology boom! Before the is natural, but now its full of artificial enhancement.
Ex.THE WORLD AS A MYSTERIOUS PARADISE."
2. If we still practice the ancient practices, probably we are all full og goddesses and god's that they are worshipping with, I think the Christianity will fall down..
Myths: the makahiya
Folktales: The lion’s share
Legends: the legend of mayon volcano
3. The Philippine fables folklore is to entertain people and it is a succinct fictional story, in prose or verse, that features animals, mythical creatures, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature which are anthropomorphizing (given human qualities), and that illustrates a moral lesson (a "moral"), which may at the end be expressed explicitly in a pithy maxim.
Ex: fox and the grapes
1.the history has spoken, thousands of years gone by,generation to generation,their beliefs had become a great influenced wherein people lived today may become a receiver of what the ancient times foretold,this is just so happen maybe.it will never be forgotten
ex.THE WORLD AS ROAD WITH MOON LIKE CRATERS
2.we all cant deny the fact that we inherited the beliefs of our ancestors. We even believe to any extraordinary creatures and beings. Some ethnic groups have their Gods and Goddesses. We may say that we sometimes believe in fairies just like
ex. "The Legend of Maria Makiling".
3.fables give moral lesson and relate the lesson about the animals that point out some aspects of the human behavior and has moral attached. and Fables, fairy tales, myths, and parables are often referred to interchangeably, but each of these stories or tales has its own distinct characteristics. Because fables are often used to teach a lesson or impart a simple moral, they are often confused with parables.
ex. The ant and the grasshoppers.
2.Yes we cant deny the fact that ancient Filipino's leaves us the belief of god and goddesses like diwata, anitos, and etc.....and we inhiritid that beleif until right now.,(maria makiling)
3.Fables is just a cartoon that shows on t.v but the difference is.,.,,.,fables has a moral lessons to teach us and mold us into a better person,,,.not like other cartoons.,,
significance of fables gives us interests and knowledge and gives us also a good moral values. As we all know that fable is a fictional story that includes animals. As we read fables, we did discover moral lessons like the story about the "Lion and the Mice". It talks about friendship and trust. It may be a fictional story but it has a great purpose............
1.The philippines folklore affect the beliefs and traditions of the ancient filipinos .So ,before the spanish civilization came our early ancestors they had so many beliefs like the gods & goddesses.
For example,Zues,god of ligthning or the god of all god.
2.It influence much to the present filipinos generation because of the many origins about the beliefs,so, it is very confusing to understand.
For example, the origin of man and woman.
3.The significance of the fables in the Philippines folklore it gives moral lessons and it give joy to the people,eventhough the characters are animals.
1.people think that things before have no scientific meaning they just think that things are really meant to happen thats why they can do everything they want.2.the ancient practice before are still present to some people now a days they do believe in some goddess and fairy the engkanto o aswang they even try to make story by their own like the sun and the moon3.people before are very knowledgeable they make stories that basing on what they understand how they feel an yet it gives as a moral lesson like the pagong at ang kuniho na karera
above all people before are very intelligent even they don't have formal education before,i know that everything from the fast are great contribution to our present generation today.the literature of Philippines has a very long story and it has a great experience and history before it come up to our present time now,many contributions,changes,happenings,struggles and sacrifices before it was implemented..the literature inspires us to love our own Filipino,culture because it has a very great history. we the new generation must prosper it and continue to patronize this literature,be a proud person for knowledge of the ancient people inspire the present generation now.maam ako nalang gi coy kay na anonymous ko nagklivog jud ko nasaag pa jud ko og answer
3. Fables was so significance in philippine folklore, because they acquire good moral values from the story as well as from the characters.
Example:
•“The Tortoise and the Hare”
•“The Fox and the Grapes”
•“The Boy Who Cried Wolf”
•“The North Wind and the Sun”
The Significance of Philippine folklore is that, literature is the repository of a people's culture, history, heritage, and identity. Behind the stories and poems are the experiences of a people. The works allow us glimpses of how they think and act. The Significance of Philippine folklore is that, literature is the repository of a people's culture, history, heritage, and identity. Behind the stories and poems are the experiences of a people. The works allow us glimpses of how they think and act.As we all know fables are succinct stories that will feature different types of characters in it.Examples of fables are often used to teach a lesson or simply to tell a story.
3.Fables is a very short story which promises to illustrate or teach us lesson which is also called a moral.Usually if not always fables are stories having animal characters that talk like humans...!
Ex.THE ANT AND THE GRASSHOPPER
2.Polytheism is the beliefs of multiple deities also usually assembled into a pantheon of gods and goddesses,along with there own mythologies and rituals.The god of polytheism are in many cases the highest order of an continuum of supernatural being or spirit,which may include ancestors,demons,and others...>>>>
ex.of myths "JOURNEY TO THE WEST"
ex. of legends "THE LEGEND OF ZELDA"
1.In the generation of our ancestors..they viewed the world that is something magical "OUT OF THE WORLD".. because of the stories and myths that they created.. ex: the PEGASUS
2.Decades past .. generation to generation but until now some of the generation to day still beliefs W/ the Diwata,Nuno sa punso so manu other things.. that our forefathers influence us..EX:Ma. Christina falls
3.fable differs from a parable in that the latter excludes animals, plants, inanimate objects, and forces of nature as actors that assume speech and other powers of humankind.
1.Philippine literature it includes a collection of tales and superstitious about magical creatures and entities,and ancient Filipinos viewed the world in a way that is too different in this very time. They have their own perception but inspite of many beliefs that they embrace there are certain similarities that exist like for example: God & human soul they still believe in that.
2. The ancients polytheistic beliefs influence a lot to many people specially to Filipino citizens.
3.Fable is one the collection that includes Philippine folklore, and its important bec. fable is one way that we can get moral without too serious specially for those tinder minds.
1.Philippine folklore is usually transmitted by word of mouth. Ancient Filipino viewed the world in different perception.The prevalence of belief in the figures of Philippine mythology is strong in the provinces.Because the country has many islands and is in inhabited by different ethnic group.
examples: such as the belief in heaven (kaluwalhatian, kalangitan).
2.Ancients polytheistic influence a lot of filipinos.It is like a tradition that is transmitted by word of mouth.Oral traditions are very common among the indigeneous tribes still existent in the philippines. As of now there are still filipino whose believe the beliefs and practices.
3.Fables is a very shortstory which premises to illustrate to teach a lesson which is also called a moral. Usually if not always,fable stories having animal characters that talk like humans.
Examples of this fables that can help us is"honesty is the best policy" and " look before u leap".This fables is more popular with everybody.
1.The Philippine folkfore says how ancient Filipinos viewed the world through their shimmering beliefs and tradition.
2. In times past, it was revealed that we were influence of different beliefs surrounded within us.Beliefs that, still we carry it out now a days. Before, it seems that they praise with nature like field,river,great mountains, big trees and old stone.And now, we intend to follow it in a reverse way like praying in front of a statue of creature to one we believed,
EXAMPLE of LEGEND:The Legends of Mt. Mayon
EXAMPLE of MYTH:Eliza and Athena
3. The significance of which is to give views of pack of lesson or knowledge that will give insights of good implementation of moral values.
EXAMPLE:The Fox and the Goat
1. The Philippine folkfore says how ancient Filipinos viewed the world through their shimmering beliefs and tradition that boost up to sight the world of reality.
Together with this the influence of this can make our traditions brought us into the past beliefs and it brings us to presents,.
EXAMPLES OF MYTHS:Why a Zebra has Stripes
EXAMPLES OF LEGEND:The Story Of Echo & Narcissus
3. The significance of fables is , t it illustrates a point or teach us a lesson where in we can apply it to our everyday life .
EXAMPLE OF FABLES:The Sick Lion
1. the Ancient Filipinos viewed the world by their creative ways. And because of it they have made many tradition,Gods,customs. And their sons made it scattered in different ways. They live of their life with the beliefs,customs and tradition.
They're lives will depend in the tradition flows.
2. Their influence in our lives in part of ancient customs is always in minds that sometimes we can recall the supertious beliefs and the tradition must be followed. Like the Story "The Lottery" by: jackson the people is always scared when the lottery tradition in their place will draw because that certain tradition was not Good it can kill one life. When the got the black spot in the paper in the lottery unfornately who are the one who will die because the people around you will throw you stones until you die.
2. The influence of many Gods in the Filipinos religion was misunderstanding because some of the church beliefs on the statue but some did not. They always have debate to depend their beliefs.
3. The significance of Philippine fables is to give moral lesson that can live in our daily life and some fables in where the name of the volcano and place. For example MT. MAKILING.
1. the Philippine folklore during our ancestor or ancient Filipinos showed how they value their culture's at their time before. And by their traditional Customs and their feelings in old tradition. Like for example; Bihag ni lam-ang and Biyak na bato.
2. The influence of many Gods in the Filipinos religion was misunderstanding because they have some Filipino believes in the statue of the church but some did not. As we all know we have 1 God only but difference Religion. In a Catholic religion many believes on God doings and God's will. And some religion believes only God's spirits and they did not believes about saints.
And in the "suspicious Beliefs" many Filipino believes on that case.
3. The Fables in Philippine Culture is a nice story which give us some moral lessons in our daily life. And our mind was already enlightened to do the right things and to choose what is the right in the choices as we encounter. And this is important in our life as a Filipino. Living to the choice where you can totally be happy that no one cant hurts. And need to face right acceptance of what you right now.
example: The Anting-Anting of Manuelito
They view that he world is very easy to define they made their own explanation regarding the origin of the world and how things come with their own understanding. For they beliee what they think is right and it fit to the story how it come up.
It really influence the present people today because they think that the beliefs of old folks are true so people today still believe in diwata, engkanto, aswang and more. they even praise unseen goddess and anito o anita.like the god of sea posidon,is believe as the god of ocean and sea.
Fables are short stories that gives lesson to us.like the story of the lamp and the moth and the ang pagong at ang koniho. This stories cited us lesson or moral lesson about how to be not self fish and to have good manners.fable is a very nice story because it teaches young children a guidance in how to face life if they face struggles.
3.the significance of fable is to illustrate or teach us a lesson which is also called a moral.Usually if not always,fables are stories having animal characters that talk like humans
Example:"LION AND THE MOUSE"
1.our philippine folklore says how ancient filipino view the world by there own experiences and there beliefs and pass it from generation to generation.Some of our fore fathers beleives that every elements in nature has a gods and goddesses controlling it.
example:"HOW THE WORLD WAS MADE'
"ANTING-ANTING OF MANUELITO"
1.)
In part of the Philippine folklore,ancient Filipinos viewed the world by their showering traditional customs and tradition.
they viewed the world more in nature because it is their culture yesterday! . they base or they depend their lives in natures and thats all ! thank you!
2.)
INFLUENCE !
our forefathers had their great influences long long ago ! UNCOUNTED !
like religious practices and beiefs in some other cases.
examples of LEGENDS: MT.MAKILING
examples of MYTH: SHINING MOON
exapmpes of FOLKTALES: BI-AG NI LAM-ANG
3.)
the significance of fables is ;
it has so many moral lessons to learn ,though it characterized by an animas ; you will learn something! RIGHT?
examle of it was : TURTLES AND MONKEY
1.)
In part of the Philippine folklore,ancient Filipinos viewed the world by their showering traditional customs and tradition.
they viewed the world more in nature because it is their culture yesterday! . they base or they depend their lives in natures and thats all ! thank you!
2.)
INFLUENCE !
our forefathers had their great influences long long ago ! UNCOUNTED !
like religious practices and beiefs in some other cases.
examples of LEGENDS: MT.MAKILING
examples of MYTH: SHINING MOON
exapmpes of FOLKTALES: BI-AG NI LAM-ANG
3.)
the significance of fables is ;
it has so many moral lessons to learn ,though it characterized by an animas ; you will learn something! RIGHT?
examle of it was : TURTLES AND MONKEY
1. the Ancient Filipinos viewed the world by showing the traditional customs and traditions ....
inancient philippine literature people beliefs,gives way to influence as now a days with their delightful beliefs and traditions especially in the religious field.
ex.legend-mt.mayon
ex.myths-Athene
inancient philippine literature people beliefs,gives way to influence as now a days with their delightful beliefs and traditions especially in the religious field.
ex.legend-mt.mayon
ex.myths-Athene
3.the significance of the fables in Philippine folklore is they give to us a entertainment and most especially a moral values.
ex.the fox and the grapes
in our country we follow of our culture we have. some are from spanish time.
now a day we had taken some tradition
of our old filipino.
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